Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a vibrational spectroscopy technique utilizing photon energy from 2.65×10-19 to 7.96×10-20 J. This energy range 750-2500 nm called wavelength (dalgasıyı of: from 13300 to 4000 cm-1) corresponds. NIR absorption bands observed in the region of the upper tones (overtones) and carbon-hydrogen (CH), oxygen-hydrogen (OH), and nitrogen-hydrogen (NH) corresponds to the combination of vibrations. NIR spectroscopy is an analysis technique that provides almost did not cause any damage on the sample quickly and multicomponent analysis in each matrix. N system main aim of near-infrared electromagnetic waves resulting from the interaction of the components with quantitative / qualitative examination of the sample is In light. N is the most important characteristic advantages of the use of spectroscopic analytical method:

• Fast 
• does not harm Representative 
• not require contact with the sample 
• with a high penetration power, 
• that can be integrated into flow line 
• allowing universal application 
• Minimum requirement is needed sample preparation method.

Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR), agriculture, pharmaceuticals, combustion products is routine and used for analysis of foodstuffs astronomy. Method accepted sense universal and widely used in food products, quality control steps. N is determined by the food in the principal components / features:

• Water 
• Protein 
• Oil 
• Scatter features 
• Sucrose 
• Carbohydrates 
• Energy 
• Homogeneity 
• Cereal products: bread, dietary fiber 
• Meat products: beef, fish, poultry 
• Fresh foods: fruits and nuts 
• Honey, corn syrup, cane sugar 
• Candy, chocolate, caramel 
• beverages: milk, alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages

In NIR spectroscopy measurement system it has three different modes. These transmittance, reflectance and is called transreflektans. Suitable N is the measurement mode is determined by the optical properties of the sample. 
Transmittance (T) measurements are often used for liquids and solids in suspension in the liquid. Wherein the transparent aspect of the liquid medium are required to carry. 
The reflectance (R), the intensity of light reflected by the measurement sample is measured. Specular reflection gives information about the structure of the diffuse reflection which corresponds to the composition contains less information about the sample. Hence, NIR spectroscopy is regarded as the measurement method most commonly used. 
Transreflektans (T) is the transmittance and reflectance measurements relate. In Transreflektans mode, a mirror or reflecting surface is disposed at the end of the probe it is sent to the sample and measuring the reflected radiation being absorbed light path length is doubled.